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Philip Kitcher and Wesley Salmon have suggested that there are two possible alternatives among philosophical theories of explanation.
One is the view that scientific explanation consists in the unification of broad bodies of phenomena under a minimal number of generalizations.
According to this view, the (or perhaps, a) goal of science is to construct an economical framework of laws or generalizations that are capable of subsuming all observable phenomena.
Scientific explanations organize and systematize our knowledge of the empirical world; the more economical the systematization, the deeper our understanding of what is explained.
The other view is the causal/mechanical approach.
According to it, a scientific explanation of a phenomenon consists of uncovering the mechanisms that produced the phenomenon of interest.
This view sees the explanation of individual events as primary, with the explanation of generalizations flowing from them.
That is, the explanation of scientific generalizations comes from the causal mechanisms that produce the regularities.
요약) Scientific explanations can be made either by seeking the least number of principles covering all observations or by finding general patterns drawn from individual phenomena.
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Philip Kitcher와 Wesley Salmon은 설명에 대한 철학적 이론 중 두 가지 가능한 대안이 있다고 제안했다.
Philip Kitcher a__ Wesley Salmon h___ s________ t___ t____ a__ t__ p_______ a___________ a____ p____________ t_______ o_ e__________.
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Philip Kitcher and Wesley Salmon have suggested that there are two possible alternatives among philosophical theories of explanation.
하나는 과학적 설명이 최소한으로 적은 수의 일반화 아래에 광범위하게 많은 현상들을 ‘통합’하는 데 있다는 견해이다.
O__ i_ t__ v___ t___ s_________ e__________ c_______ i_ t__ u__________ o_ b____ b_____ o_ p________ u____ a m______ n_____ o_ g______________.
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One is the view that scientific explanation consists in the unification of broad bodies of phenomena under a minimal number of generalizations.
이 견해에 따르면 과학의 목표(혹은 어쩌면 한 가지 목표)는 모든 관찰할 수 있는 현상을 포섭할 수 있는 법칙이나 일반화의 경제적인 틀을 구성하는 것이다.
A________ t_ t___ v___, t__ (o_ p______, a) g___ o_ s______ i_ t_ c________ a_ e_________ f________ o_ l___ o_ g______________ t___ a__ c______ o_ s________ a__ o_________ p________.
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According to this view, the (or perhaps, a) goal of science is to construct an economical framework of laws or generalizations that are capable of subsuming all observable phenomena.
과학적 설명은 경험적 세계에 대한 우리의 지식을 조직하고 체계화하는데, 체계화가 더 경제적일수록, 설명되는 것에 대한 우리의 이해는 더 깊어진다.
S_________ e___________ o_______ a__ s__________ o__ k________ o_ t__ e________ w____; t__ m___ e_________ t__ s______________, t__ d_____ o__ u____________ o_ w___ i_ e________.
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Scientific explanations organize and systematize our knowledge of the empirical world; the more economical the systematization, the deeper our understanding of what is explained.
다른 관점은 ‘인과 관계적/기계론적’ 접근이다.
T__ o____ v___ i_ t__ c_____/__________ a_______.
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The other view is the causal/mechanical approach.
그것에 따르면, 어떤 현상에 대한 과학적인 설명은 관심있는 그 현상을 만들어 낸 메커니즘을 밝혀내는 것으로 이루어져 있다.
A________ t_ i_, a s_________ e__________ o_ a p_________ c_______ o_ u_________ t__ m_________ t___ p_______ t__ p_________ o_ i_______.
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According to it, a scientific explanation of a phenomenon consists of uncovering the mechanisms that produced the phenomenon of interest.
이 관점은 개별 사건들에 대한 설명을 일차적으로 보고, 일반화에 대한 설명이 그것들로부터 흘러나온다고 본다.
T___ v___ s___ t__ e__________ o_ i_________ e_____ a_ p______, w___ t__ e__________ o_ g______________ f______ f___ t___.
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This view sees the explanation of individual events as primary, with the explanation of generalizations flowing from them.
즉, 과학적 일반화에 대한 설명은 규칙성을 만들어 내는 인과적 메커니즘에서 비롯된다.
T___ i_, t__ e__________ o_ s_________ g______________ c____ f___ t__ c_____ m_________ t___ p______ t__ r___________.
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That is, the explanation of scientific generalizations comes from the causal mechanisms that produce the regularities.
요약) 과학적 설명은 모든 관찰에 적용되는 최소한의 원리를 찾거나 개별 현상으로부터 도출된 일반적인 패턴을 발견함으로써 이루어질 수 있다.
S_________ e___________ c__ b_ m___ e_____ b_ s______ t__ l____ n_____ o_ p_________ c_______ a__ o___________ o_ b_ f______ g______ p_______ d____ f___ i_________ p________.
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Scientific explanations can be made either by seeking the least number of principles covering all observations or by finding general patterns drawn from individual phenomena.